Embeds digital creative worker and Creative - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Talk about the Embeds computerized imaginative specialist and Creative. Answer: Presentation The contextual investigation straightforwardly mirrors the progressions that are occurring in the financial segment. This straightforwardly centers around dealing with the adjustments so as to quicken the market changes and engaging the fitting development. This is significant enough for picking up advertise center and creating fundamental result. It is fundamental for masterminding brings about request to coordinate with the desires in the financial division. Along these lines for a financial segment it is critical to meet the hierarchical targets and meeting with the most ideal outcomes. The authority characteristics displayed by him helped in meeting the authoritative targets. For a financial division it is apparent to oversee long haul adequacy that will help in sorting out long haul viability. By centering over the social difficulties that are occurring in the financial division it is conceivable to follow on the achievement and the breakout that is vital for masterminding suppo rtable outcomes (Murray, 2014). Primary highlights of authoritative change during McFarlane McFarlane is mindful to present changes in the association. The authoritative change happened because of his endeavors and intended to mastermind long haul practical changes so as to increase upper hand. He was centered around drawing out the best out of the representatives so as to increase predominant authority abilities. McFarlane is a balanced individual submitted towards work family and responsibility. During the pain in the financial segment it was accepted by individuals that the financial area isn't making the best choice. He presented a stop on branch terminations. He censured the retreat from the country network. He was the primary individual to raise the issue in regards to the situation of female competitors at the top position. He had confidence in taking exacting measures for Corporate Social Responsibility so as to embrace powerful hierarchical job. This activity taken by him was all around refreshing and helped the bank in picking up name and improving its picture. He did precisely as guaranteed. The progressions presented by him helped in increasing efficient development in the financial part. He brought down the banks hazard profile by rescuing the interest in the developing business sector. Also the financial structure was restored the head tasks while smoothing out and emptying the administrative center. His system was to concentrate on pursuing retail clients. The progression toward hierarchical change was first so as to achieve adequacy significantly under unfavorable financial circumstance. He has worked continually in the kindness of increasing a fair development in the financial segment. The initial move towards hierarchical change was taken in 2000 with a mean to change over ANZ into the manage an account with a human face. His administration aptitudes and group subsequently helped in outfitting the changes. It is sufficiently significant to increase key objectives and overseeing long haul adequacy in the financial division. The inside errors in the bank and its way of life were disposed of through the powerful strategies. This is significant from the perspective of creating better outcomes and centering over the hierarchical development. It is essential for meeting the hierarchical targets and meeting with the most ideal outcomes. The initiative characteristics showed by him helped in meeting the authoritative targets. The inadequacy in banking part was very much tended to in his residency with productive authority abilities. It is significant enough for the financial segment so as to meet the objectives. This is sufficiently significant to manage the progressions that are occurring in the financial part. On a since quite a while ago run, it is significant for organizing changes when required. The reason for existing was to oversee changes that were happening in the financial segment. It was significant enough to oversee compelling changes that are occurring in banking part. He created an incentive in representa tives by executing various systems. This is significant for creating better jobs and answerable for organizing viability so as to embrace adequacy. This is vital from the perspective of picking up center. The bank decided its market position so as to decide its market position. This is significant enough for assessing commercial center and creating basic situation so as to produce long haul adequacy. This is fundamental from the perspective of building up an appropriate brand name that will permit in perceiving the brand position (Corporate Leadership - John McFarlane, CEO, ANZ, 2006). The hierarchical culture was created against the norms making better open doors so as to check striking development. There are sure fundamental territories of progress into the segment that will help in persuading the workers. It is obvious from the purpose of producing powerful outcomes and achieving undeniable development. The fall in the association was facilitated by dealing with the money related coordination. This is significant enough for achieving adequacy in a request to control authoritative development. Under his residency the bank experienced numerous progressions essential for beating the downturn (Walker and Rowlinson, 2007). The bank embraced 11 measures so as to increase powerful position. The attention was on creating viability through characterizing crucial, authoritative methodology, unit execution, input result the executives, coordination and control of budgetary information as far as individuals, inspiration as far as worth age. This will in the end permit in overseeing adequacy and achieving reasonable development. This is significant enough for accomplishing objectives that are significant enough for keeping up hierarchical adequacy. This is significant enough for creating and undertaking the vital result. The focal motivation behind this technique is to achieve social change (Farrel, 2015). Difficulties for the supervisors while executing changes There are difficulties relating to the way of life. So as to execute a change it is critical to achieve adequacy. By centering over the social challanges that are occurring in the financial part it is conceivable to follow on the achievement and the breakout that is vital for organizing economical outcomes. Along these lines execution is a significant part to the financial segment dependent on the reasonable key outcome territory. This is significant enough for dealing with the money related, client, individuals and network measures. This training do experiences execution the executives from the perspective of dealing with the cutting edge backing and client confronting issues (Gan, Cohen, Clemes and Chong, 2006). The financial division follows a technique so as to deal with the accompanying methodologies which include: Performance arranging stage, execution instructing and appraisal. This is probably going to be progressively successful from the perspective of executing changes in a n association. This is vital for empowering adequacy and accomplishing execution training stage. Administrators perform have a responsibility to experience difficulties so as to achieve job and obligations (Gormley, Kim and Martin, 2012). So as to manage the circumstance, t is critical to gauge the difficulties and orchestrating the compelling job and duties so as to pick up development. Changes are difficult to be executed in an association. While executing any change it is imperative to concentrate on compelling estimates that will help in centering over the steady outcomes. This is essential to defeat the difficulties and setting the pre-imperative estimates that will help in organizing methodical development and result. While dealing with the hierarchical development and advancement this is vital for accomplishing compelling job and duties. It is vital enough for centering over the workers execution and estimating the presentation every year. This is significant for executing fu ndamental development in the workers (Bajada and Trayler, 2015). Throughout the year, ANZ has set up a positive instrument that has helped in creating ability. This is significant enough for recruiting the representatives who assumes a significant job in achieving orderly development. Bank has forced advancement plan throughout the year that has helped in achieving efficient development. So as to help the new ability and to recruit better workers it is obvious to give quality control preparing. This is fundamental for accomplishing methodical development which is vital so as to deal with the quality inside an association (Thaichon, Quach, Bavalur and Nair, 2017). It is the highest need of the financial division to orchestrate better job and obligations. The similar ability the board program along these lines helps in achieving solid authoritative base. This technique is significant enough for accomplishing hierarchical viability. This is vital for achieving improvement process that will guarantee profitability. It is essential for expecting suppor table outcomes and valuing the progressions that are occurring in the environmental factors. This system assumes a significant job in meeting the difficulties and responding the best outcome. For accomplishing viability it is fundamental for producing compelling job and obligation (Wu and Shen, 2013). These difficulties happened in the financial segment has made a significant difficulty all together meet out the outcome. This is vital for increasing all conceivable outcome and keeping up an equalization so as to move toward results. This is potentially significant for accomplishing viable development which is just conceivable by promising the progressions that are significant for obtaining orderly changes in the coming years. It is important enough objectives that are vital for orchestrating fitting outcomes. It is helping in reflecting positive development while meeting the difficulties so as to accomplish results that are significant for overseeing adequacy. It is vital for accomp lishing adequacy and picking up the reason which is significant for organizing viability. This is important for organizing the individuals

Speedo Marketing Stratergy

SPEEDO INDEX Sr. No| Topic| Pg. no| 1. | Marketing Objectives| 1. | 1. 2| Ansoff Matrix| 1. | 1. 3| Unique Selling Proposition| 3. | 1. 4| Point of Difference| 4. | 1. 5| Point of Parity| 4. | 2. | Marketing Program| 5. | 2. 1| Product| 5. | 2. 1. 1| Lines to be introduced| 5. | 2. 1. 4| Quality| 11. | 2. 1. 5| Packaging| 12. | 2. 2| Promotion Strategies:| 14. | 2. 2. 1| Online and Print Media Promotion | 14. | 2. 2. 1 | Outdoor Promotion| 16| 2. 2. 2| Digital Media Marketing| 17. | 2. 2. 3| PR Activities| 18. | 2. 3| Price| 19. 2. 3. 1| Pricing Strategy | 19. | 2. 3. 2| Price Range| 19. | 2. 4| Place| 20. | 2. 4. 1| * Store Setup| * Facilities| Store Display| Store USP| | Location| 20. | 3. | Financial Budgeting| 23. | Marketing Objectives The Ansoff Model: Existing Market †Product Expansion Speedo Ltd. is a maker and merchant of swimwear. Speedo brand can be found on items going from bathing suits and goggles to wrist watches and MP3 players is built up in the swimwear adverti se as one of the main brands of the world.Being in this industry since decades now, Speedo has a high brand esteem and is reliably appraised as one of the best 100 brands on the planet consistently. In today’s world innovation is being refreshed by consistently and henceforth an organization needs to keep itself in line with the innovation and happenings of the world and plan in like manner. Thus Speedo utilizes the PRODUCT EXPANSION procedure which implies that it has a current market yet needs to extend its activities and item range and decent variety as time progresses.Indian Market †Market Penetration Speedo might be exceptionally well known among customers in India however it is as yet another organization in the market in general remembering the Indian swimwear showcase. This is the motivation behind why the market entrance is suggested in this market. As indicated by the Ansoff model this methodology is utilized when an organization is entrenched however enters an other market where it is as yet youthful and necessities to infiltrate in the market with regards to new advertising procedures and existing business sector circumstance. One of a kind Selling PropositionWhenever one expresses the world swimwear, the primary brand that rings a bell; is Speedo such is the amazing fan following of this brand. At whatever point there is a Speedo swimwearon TV, people the world over, check out catch the most recent patterns in. The in addition to purposes of a major swimwear brand like Speedo are proportionate valuing, a stunning scope of sizes, including additional enormous sizes for overweight ladies and cup A sizes for tenderfoots, extravagant and mind desensitizing plans combined with incredible fits. The USP of Speedo is the: blend of goodlooking swimwear and reasonableness, which makes it conceivable to consider regular wear as well.Point of Difference: * Fun, Comfortable, Athletic Speedo will be one of the not very many swimwear marks in India wi th that Brand Image. Items sold at Speedo are various (from swimwear to body care and frill) are Vibrant and very much bundled, in contrast to its rivals. Purpose of Parity: * There are a couple of components that Speedo would wish to obtain from it’s contenders to fuse into it’s plan of action: * Attention to comfort * Introduce body molding Products * Concentrate on store insides and show. Promoting Program ProductSpeedo India will have a changed scope of items on offer; these comprise of notwithstanding the swimear which is there in different areas in India: * Swimsuits men/Women (Racing,Training,Triathelite,Competitive Equiqment,Fina affirmed suits, Swim Fitness) * Trunks * Fitness Range/Body care(Health and Well Being, Speedo sculpture,Accessories,Aqua Active, Play and fun) * Accessories * Speedo Digital (Aqua beat MP3 player, Aqua Coach) All Speedo items are benchmarks as far as structure, usefulness, maintainability and solace above all.As Speedo is opening up o nly its first store in Quite a while the item range will be restricted to 3 incredibly famous assortments. Lines to be presented: Right Fit SMOOTHER. Hotter. Like nothing anyone's ever seen Curves Description: Stretch-to-fit adjusts impeccably to your body so all you see is bends; This swimwear textures are chosen with quality, development, innovation and inventive opportunity as a main priority, to guarantee we give simply the best determination to our clients. Our fabulous scope of swimwear is for the two young ladies and folks. With an enormous arrangement of texture hues and prints, you’re sure to discover more than one to pick from.Immerse yourself in our wide assortment of popular fashioner swimwear, from one-piece swimming outfits to swimsuits, and planning adornments. 2012 is inundated with a wide palette of hues, surfaces and prints in our women’s bathing suits just as in our men’s swimwear. At Swimwear Boutique, we convey high style originators who off er supplementing embellishments. We additionally give swimming outfits that are engaging a wide assortment of interests, extents, and ages. Our assortment incorporates one-piece swimwear, swimming outfits, two-piece bathing suits, and organizing washing attire for ladies, youngsters, and misses.Explore our originator swimwear outlines and make your design forward closet and adorn your preferred ladies' swimwear or junior swimwear with a sarong, shirt, gasp, and other swimwear frill. Highlights: * Weightless * Maximum areola * Nylon ; Spandex/Lycra * Adjustable lashes * Underwired cups if necessary * Front conclusion Sizes accessible: Xtra small,small,medium,Large,Xlarge †40 DD Colors accessible: Featured Products: * Swimwear ladies * One piece/Two piece 1. Style BY SPEEDO THE GLIMMEROUS TOUCH OF Glamor. Description:The sparkle with a mix of bound edges and self-weaving gives you a tasteful touch adding charm to your swimwear. The mark is focused on complex ladies of any age who request high-caliber and high-design in equivalent measures. The assortment hits a marvelous note that is hot, and furthermore complimenting and agreeable. Stylish not just highlights staggering contemporary plan, the range likewise offers unpretentious help and control which gives our customers the body certainty to make the most of their new swimwear on all events †in the case of lounging in the sun poolside, on a yacht, or at a hotel bar as the sun sets.The debut assortment highlights design forward hues, and a lovely assortment of one-piece maillot bathing suits, and blend ; coordinate two-piece isolates. Highlights: * Underwire * Heavy look with an agreeable vibe * Sexy shapes Sizes accessible: Small, Medium, Large. Hues accessible: pastel shades and strong hues with multi-hued binding and weaving Featured items: * Swimwear sets 3. Speedos tie up with planner brands Description: At Speedo we intend to tie up with a fashioner and give our customers restrictive swimwear No issue what your inclination, you'll discover a bathing suit at Swimwear Boutique. com.Our suits will catch the pith of your womanliness and highlight your best highlights. e speak to the most one of a kind styles and best items accessible. Molly Brown's is drawn nearer by several creators every year to retail their lines in our store. Our purchasers select just a set number of the world's ideal, not fifty or a hundred like other swimwear retailers. The majority of the planners we convey utilize just the most extravagant imported textures and custom equipment. Claim to fame swimwear has become standard in high style and fashioners have upgraded their lines by delivering excellent dresses and resort wear.Molly Brown's has extended its contributions to highlight these forte lines. We are favored to have a considerable lot of our planners produce elite pieces which are just accessible at Molly Brown's. Because of our exacting security approach, numerous experts, VIPs and their agents ar e customers of Molly Brown's. A huge level of the originator swimwear that is shot on big names is sold in our store. Molly Brown's customer list incorporates hollywood's a rundown, Fortune 500 experts and design forward ladies that need the seasons' most smoking patterns. Molly Brown's has been highlighted on MTV, E! significant news systems and in incalculable design distributions. we are effectively associated with big name photograph shoots, prominent occasions and design appears. Every year we are asked by the media to remark on the up and coming season's most smoking styles and patterns. The dynamic environment of the Molly Brown's store and excellent window shows are a draw for planner meetings and news inclusion. If it's not too much trouble see our present press, video connects and included in distributions. Looking for swimwear can be troublesome. Consequently, Molly Brown's customer administrations and learned staff are unbeatable in the industry.Ensuring our customers ge t the specific style and fit they want, both coming up and on the web, is vital to our prosperity. Because of our remarkable individual and expert administrations, most first time purchasers become long haul customers of Molly Brown's. Highlights: * Reversible * With gel bend * Extreme dive push-up * Various shading ; print mixes * Unique fringe shapes * Extreme solace with crease free, mark free ; join free innovation Sizes: Available in all sizes Featured items: Swimwear for people Featured Designers SHIVAN ; NARRESH’These creators werelaunched in Cannes at ‘Mare di Moda’ with their 100% line free line called Insectoid. ‘SHIVAN ; NARRESH’ has an exceptional mark style that is striking, certain ; modern. Immaculate lines, undisputed eye for detail and articulate refinement are words that could be utilized to characterize the brand. After the dispatch in Cannes, the pair moved their studio to India, and became India’s first standard beachwe ar architects doing 100% carefully assembled join free swimwear and prepared to wear made all in 100% Italian swimwear textures and complementingâ resort wear.Currently based out of New Delhi, SHIVAN Bhatiya aced the specialty of calfskin corsetry and adornments for a long time from National Institu

Critical Appraisal Essay Example

Critical Appraisal Essay Example Critical Appraisal Essay â€" Essay Example > Critical appraisal scenarioPART AINTRODUCTIONOmega-3 PUFA is a precise collection of polyunsaturated fat where the important parallel defense is situated amid the third and fourth carbon iota and also from the methyl end of the unsaturated fat. There are related medical advantages of omega-3 fats acknowledged around the world. The standard basis of omega-3 is fish. Heart condition is a typical ailment on the earth today. This is significantly contributed by an individuals' way of life particularly their dietary patterns. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention dissected information between the years 2005 and 2008 to decide and take care of high LDL levels. A total of 71 million American grown-ups were tested, 33.5 percent had high LDL levels and just 48.1 percent got treatment and 33.2 percent had their LDL controlled. Electronic data bases used to search for journal articles for this analysis include; ’ Medline’ and ‘Pubmed’. After the assortment of suitable articl es, Ulrichsweb was used to verify that the articles were peer reviewed. Articles used for the research include; Paliwal C, Mitra M, Bhayani K, Bharadwaj SVV, Ghosh T, Dubey S, Mishra S. Bioresour Technol. 2017 May 15. pii: S0960-8524(17)30712-5. doi: 10.1016/j. biortech. 2017.05.058. [Epub ahead of print] Review. PMID: 28552566Microalgae as an option wellspring of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated greasy acids Eline Ryckebosch, Charlotte Bruneel, Koenraad Muylaert, Imogen Foubert Nourishing assessment of microalgae oils rich in omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated unsaturated fats as an option for fish oilElineRyckeboscha, Charlotte Bruneela, Romina Termote-Verhallea, Koen Goirisb, KoenraadMuylaertc, ImogenFouberta. In the us only, about 2000 people lose their lives because of cardiovascular infection day by day, with a standard of one passing incident consistently. An estimate of 7.1 million US citizens suffer from heart-related issues all through their lifetime. Eating conduct an d different lifestyles assume a noteworthy part in deciding the risks of coronary illness and may stop or even topple this condition. In this examination, we concentrate the association amongst cholesterol and coronary illness in the human life. From the above-named articles, the scientists attempt to build up the connection between Omega-3 and the heart condition and furthermore assess the dietary worth of the aggregate lipid concentrate of various omega-3 fats and subsequently deliver photoautotrophic microalgae in one review. According to Cardio Pulse Articles (2010), it is important to note that for one to avoid heart-related problems, he/she should try to live healthily. There is no exact cure for the condition hence before one tries any medication; they should consult with the doctors first in order for them to prescribe the correct medication, Tou, J.C. et. al (2007). This article tries to establish the composition of Omega-3 and its projected effects to the consumer. From t he article, it is clear that Omega-3 contains contents of fish oil in them and that is why it is often used as an alternative to treating heart condition. (Crawfield, 2011). According to Ryckebosch, E. et al. , (2012), alongside microalgae, different basis of omega-3 incorporate krill oil and calamari oil. Krill oil has built up an increasing fixation as of late, as it has nearly eminent amounts of EPA and DHA. Calamari oil is the most recent omega-3 enhancement in the market. It is acquired from the squid. The fundamental benefit of calamari oil when contrasted with other omega-3 supplements from a wholesome viewpoint is the way that it is an extraordinary wellspring of DHA (Ryckebosch, E. et al. 2012). It likewise has a short life cycle subsequently less inclined to develop poisons in their bodies and furthermore it is more naturally agreeable than many fish oils.

Iago One of Shakespeares Most Misunderstood Villains Essay

Iago is one of the most misunderstood villains in Shakespeare literature. We side with Othello from the start because his name is on the cover of our paperback, we read Othello when learning about heroes, so we expect Iago to be a villain, a ruthless manipulator. We don’t know why, he doesn’t state it plainly or in simple English, so we assume that he’s evil, that he’s just a disgruntled sociopath out to exact his exaggerated revenge on good and noble Othello. Iago’s misunderstood reputation is a result of not truly examining his character, and answering the â€Å"why† factor behind his actions. After all, everyone is innocent until proven guilty. His goal in the play was not just to destroy Othello for the fun of it. His objective,†¦show more content†¦This is evident through the multiple conversations between Iago and Othello, where Othello asks for Iago’s advice- including advice on how to punish Desdemona and Cassio for their alleged affair. OTHELLO: Get me some poison, Iago, this night. I’ll not expostulate with her, lest her body and beauty unprovide my mind again. This night, Iago! IAGO: Do it not with poison. Strangle her in her bed, even the bed she hath contaminated. OTHELLO: Good, good! The justice of it pleases. Very good! IAGO: And for Cassio, let me be his undertaker: you shall hear more by midnight. (IV.i.200-208) Since the two used to be so intimate, the key to understanding Iago’s superobjective is to understand what made him harbor such hatred for Othello. To put it simply, Iago was hurt that Othello gave Cassio the lieutenant job instead of giving to him. At face value, that reason doesn’t seem to be a strong enough motive to destroy another man’s life. There had to have been more to this than just the fact that Iago didn’t get a promotion. Iago â€Å"believes Cassio got the appointment because of an old friendship with Desdemona, and probably because he carried messages between Othello and Desdemona during their courtship.† (Crawford). Iago, knowing this, felt as if the entire system of military honor and merit had crumbled. Had the promotion been based on merit, Iago would’ve gotten the job, because â€Å"†¦[Othello’s] eyes had seen the proof/ AtShow MoreRelated The Theme of Control in Shakespeares Othello Essay996 Words   |à ‚  4 Pagescorrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely. William Shakespeares Othello, the Moor of Venice (reprinted in Laurence Perrine and Thomas R. Arp, Literature: Structure, Sound, and Sense, 6th ed. [Fort Worth: Harcourt, 1993] 1060-1147) contains several themes, but one theme in particular supports the truth of this knowledge. In Othello, the Moor of Venice, the theme of control is one that causes corruption. Othellos control is stolen by Iago and, Iagos overbearing control of Othellos emotionsRead MoreIagos Description And Identity In Othello1932 Words   |  8 Pagesmany forms of literature. Iago, one of Shakespeare’s most infamous villains, uses this line to warn Othello of the dangers of jealousy, although it is later revealed that Iago is the most jealous character in the play. Is Iago’s description of the green-eyed monster only a symbol? How real can it become to those who become too obsessed with it? How does this fit together with race? I aim to answ er these questions by examining the relationship between William Shakespeare’s tragedy Othello and KwameRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare2395 Words   |  10 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s Othello, uses various events and techniques to express the nature of evil throughout the entire play. In Othello, Iago is portrayed as the main villain or the antagonist in the play. Despite the fact that the play is named Othello, it is the character of Iago that drives the action within the entire play. Shakespeare utilizes Iago to set the stage for evil in the play. In each interaction with a character in Othello, Iago finds a way to be manipulative and evil. â€Å"In the first

Cause and Effect Essay - Christianity Causes Divorce

Cause and Effect Essay - Christianity Causes Divorce â€Å"Bible Belt Couples ‘Put Asunder’ More,† the New York Times proclaimed on May 21 of this year: â€Å"The divorce rate in many parts of the Bible Belt is roughly 50% above the national average.† So much for the notion that secularism is to blame for the decline of traditional families, among other frequently lamented social ills. Apparently, in a least a few states, the divorce rate correlates to an excess of piety, not the absence of it. What do we make of this amusing correlation? I doubt that religiosity directly causes divorce, but in some cases it may cause marriage, by condemning premarital sex and cohabitation as sinful; and marriage, of course, is the one indisputable cause of†¦show more content†¦Several states are considering legislation requiring counseling before marriage or divorce. Meanwhile, conservatives at the Heritage Foundation have proposed that the Bush administration establish a federal office promoting marriage—traditional, heterosexual marriage, that is. Despite the widely held belief that marriages bring people emotional stability, financial security, and even long life, opposition to gay marriage is a lot stronger than opposition to heterosexual divorce. Consider the strong bipartisan support for the federal Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), which greatly restricts the legality of gay marriages permitted by any state. DOMA was passed by strong majorities in the House and Senate in 1996, with the support of liberals like Minnesota Senator Paul Wellstone and Maryland Senator Barbara Mikulski, as well as conservative, twice-divorced Georgia Congressman Bob Barr. Why is divorce among heterosexuals so much more acceptable than marriage among gay people? Divorce is generally regarded as a social ill, but homosexuality is still apt to be condemned as a sin. Indeed, opposition to gay rights helps unite religious conservatives. Mainstream religious beliefs underlie many of our domestic relations laws, which means that laws regarding marriage and family life are liable to involve religious discrimination. Laws against adultery,Show MoreRelatedDownfall of Education System was No School Prayer649 Words   |  3 Pageswas removed from public school classrooms in 1962, we have had a 6-fold increase in violent crime, our divorce rate has tripled,births to single mothers have increased 5-fold, the teenage suicide rate has tripled, and SAT scores have dropped 10%.(Creation Today). Reasons that represent why prayer and moments of silence should be allowed in the public school system will be expressed. 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Religion and Sex Changes - 620 Words

While sitting at home, I received a call from an unfamiliar voice. The number belonged to my cousin Luke, but the voice had changed to a much higher pitch that sounded like he was in pain. In this very conversation, Luke informed me that she had a sex change. My first thought was repulsion, and my second was to question my reaction. What sort of religion would encourage my mind to make such a hasty decision on one that was so close to me? This forced me to rethink my world view, and to take a closer look at the religion that has been taken for granted by me and so much of my family. The harm that religion causes is great, not the least of which is the insistence of unethical behavior toward many groups by its followers. â€Å"Thou shalt not lie with mankind, as with womankind: it is abomination.†(King James Bible, Lev. 18.22) The Bible is pretty clear cut on this one. If a gay man is with the one he loves, death is his penalty. How can this be considered moral? This intoleranc e is not just from the Bible, but also resides within the pages of other holy books, such as the Quran. â€Å"And [We had sent] Lot when he said to his people, ‘Do you commit such immorality as no one has preceded you with from among the worlds? Indeed, you approach men with desire, instead of women. Rather, you are a transgressing people.’ (Sahih International Quran, 7.80, 7.81) Allah also insists upon punishing gays with death. Luckily, western cultures are starting to take these books less seriously, and noShow MoreRelatedMarriage, Family, And Religion1687 Words   |  7 PagesFamily, and Religion Omar De La Garza Texas AM International University Abstract The institutions of marriage and family are fundamental concepts to the functioning of our present day society. In this paper, marriage and family and their changes over time will be discussed. 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The Impact of the Haitian Revolution in the Atlantic World free essay sample

E effect of Saint Dominions decentralization on the wider Atlantic world The slave revolution that two hundred years ago created the state of Haiti alarmed and excited public opinion on both sides of the Atlantic. Its repercussions ranged from the world commodity markets to the imagination of poets, from the council chambers of the great powers to slave quarters in Virginia and Brazil and most points in between.Sharing attention with such tumultuous events as the French Revolution and the Napoleonic War, Haiti s fifteen-year struggle for racial equality, slave emancipation, and colonial independence challenged notions about racial hierarchy that were gaining legitimacy in an Atlantic world dominated by Europeans and the slave trade. The Impact of the Haitian Revolution in the Atlantic World explores the multifarious influence-?from economic to ideological to psychological-?that a revolt on a small Caribbean island had on the continents surrounding it.Fifteen international scholars, including eminent historians David Briton Davis, Seymour Drencher, and Robin Blackburn, explicate such diverse ramifications as the spawning of slave resistance and the stimulation of slaverys expansion, the opening of economic frontiers, and the formation of black and white diasporas. We will write a custom essay sample on The Impact of the Haitian Revolution in the Atlantic World or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They show how the Haitian Revolution embittered contemporary debates about race and abolition and inspired poetry, plays, and novels. Seeking to disentangle its effects from those of the French Revolution, they demonstrate that its impact was ambiguous, complex, and introductory.David P. Guess is a professor of history at the University of Florida in Gainesville and a former Guggenheim and National Humanities Center fellow. He has published extensively on the history of slavery and the Caribbean, with a particular focus on the Haitian Revolution.

Borat Review Essay Example

Borat Review Paper Talent is luck and right now no other comedian has more of it than Sacha Baron Cohen as seen in his latest smash hit Borat: Cultural Learnings of America for make benefit Glorious Nation of Kazakhstan. Borat has evolved from Cohens former creation Ali G in da house. Writer Larry Charles and comic genius Sacha Baron Cohen have combined their work to produce the most vulgar, offensive and rib tickling film yet to come. Nothing is off-limits; feminists, Jewish people, homosexuals or politicians they all receive equal amount of hatred. Borat and his producer, Azamat Bagatov (Ken Davitian) begin their journey to explore American culture and improve Kazakhstan for the better. In his hotel room, while channel surfing, Borat instantly falls head-over-heals for the gorgeous Pamela Anderson, watching a late night repeat of Baywatch. Will the sexy time prove to be very naaaice? An unscripted mockumentary introduces us to Borats residence of a Kazakhstani village. Many of their traditions, which would prove unethical in our society, such as the Running of the Jew. He introduces us to his wife Oksana, the hated neighbour and the award-wining prostitute sister, he also tells us about his father, Boltolk the rapist. Soon Borat and his friend Azamat set off on their journey to America. Cohen sputters out the most outrageous, racist and sexist statements he can think of; yet its the reaction of his unknowing victim which proves to be the most interesting aspect of the film. Borat meets real people in real situations with hysterical consequences. His backwards behaviour generates strong reactions around him exposing prejudices and hypocrisies in American culture. Once in America, Borat criticises western values at every turn. One person who is likely to regret the day he met Borat, is Tennessee rodeo manager Bobby Rowe. He is deliberately provoked by the comedian into making unnecessary, prejudice and disapproving remarks about Muslims and homosexuals. Borats stop at Dicksons Tennessee, where he is invited to sing The Star-Spangled Banner in front of a crowd of rodeo fans. Warned beforehand by a rodeo manger that he looks a little too much like a terrorist; Borat wins over the crowd by informing them that Kazakhstan supports their countrys War of Terror. He then goes on to include that he hopes George Bush may drink the blood of every man, woman and child in Iraq. Borat proceeds to stir up the rodeo but, when he begins to sings his version of Kazakhstans national anthem to the tune of Americas; he is immediately booed out of the arena. Sacha Baron Cohen knows exactly which buttons to press and he then just keeps on pressing them. We will write a custom essay sample on Borat Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Borat Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Borat Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer A Hotel messenger delivers a telegram informing Borat that his wife has just died. At first the man is very professional; even offering sincere condolences, but when Borat gets excited over the news and yells out haigh faive, the man quickly joins in on the celebration. Borat pushes the limit of humour as he reveals a deep and disturbing truth and, ignorance within American culture. Do we live in a society where difference is not accepted? Borat heads from Washington D.C, Tennessee, California and finally to Los Angles in search for his beloved Pamela Anderson. Most people would fly across America, but Borat prefers to travel in style!-in an ice cream van. He purchases from a car dealer. Although he does have a reasonable excuse, he fears that in case the Jews repeat their attack of 9/ 11. If for any reason you object to seeing a 500lb bare, naked and hairy man running around a hotel room, then you might want to rethink about watching this film. Whether its black people, Jewish people, women, students, every category of human beings will find something to complain about after watching this film. Borat is homophobic, which leads to a distressed Borat asking So you think that the man who put his hand in my anus was was homosexual? Borat questions the thought that women have smaller brains than men? His genius work stands out as he succeeds in creating explosive cultural clashes such as having a posh Alabama lady calling Borat A lovely man with a bit of effort he could be properly Americanised, but she is later showered with bad surprise, when Borat brings down his souvenir after a nature call. Borat is placed in the most difficult situations possible, sometimes barely escaping being sent off to jail and even once wrestled to the ground by the police. All throughout the documentary Cohen remains in character. Like him or hate him, Sacha Baron Cohen delivers the amazing performance and one that the audience wont forget. Cohens comedy can sometime stoop to the comedy likes of Jackass-type toilet humour. A few scenes just arent funny enough and are unnecessary such as the fight between Azamat and Borat which leads to them standing naked in a presentation evening. Cohen delivers some of the biggest laughs of the year, while at the same time thinking about the root causes of prejudice and intolerance, and for that reason Borat is a must-see.

The Civil Rights Act as a Milestone Element of American Legislation

The Civil Rights Act as a Milestone Element of American Legislation Civil Rights Act The Civil Rights Act is a milestone element of American civil rights legislation that seeks to prohibit discrimination based on a number of aspects such as gender, religion, nationality, ethnicity, and race.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Civil Rights Act as a Milestone Element of American Legislation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Although the Civil Rights Act has undergone several amendments, the Civil Right Act amendment of 1964 was the main amendment that addressed the above types of discrimination (Lawson 22). Moreover, the Civil Rights Act of 1964 removed discrimination in learning institutions, at work and other facilities termed as â€Å"public accommodations.† These institutions are entities, whether public or private, that are for public use in the US. President Kennedy proposed these changes in response to some experiences of racial based violence in the southern reg ion (Bowron 20). According to the Act, all public accommodations must be accessible to every person regardless of his or her color, race, national origin or religion. Improving on the Civil Rights Act of 1875, the 1964 amendment introduced clauses seeking to prohibit discrimination in all state facilities. It also gave the Attorney General the power to support court cases against state agents that support or perpetrate segregation in schools. However, the proposal did not accommodate some provisions considered important by civil rights activists. For instance, it did not consider giving the department of Justice the authority to start court cases on job discrimination or desegregation, stopping discrimination in private sectors, and public protection against law enforcement cruelty. The Civil Right Act of 1968 aimed at introducing housing rights as a follow-up to the Civil Rights Act 1964. It discriminated any act that tends to discriminate individuals based on color, race, creed, e thnicity or origin when providing housing opportunities (Branch 73). The Act allowed the federal government to make it an offense to intimidate, injure, force, threaten using force, or restrict someone based on nationality, color, ethnicity, or race. Moreover Civil Right Act of 1968 (Title VIII) is known the â€Å"Fair Housing Act† and was intended to enhance the Civil Right Act of 1866,which had banned different forms of discrimination in housing, federal crime was not included in the proposal. The Fair Housing Act banned any discrimination regarding finance, leasing, and sale of housing based on nationality, religious grounds, and race (Conroy 621).Advertising Looking for research paper on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Moreover, although it did not have much impact during its early years, the Civil Rights Act of 1968 had a significant influence on succeeding legislation processes. For example, it supported the American with Disabilities Act of 1990, which removed discrimination against people with disabilities. This issue had not been addressed in America before the enactment of the Civil Rights of 1964 (â€Å"Lyndon Johnson Signs Civil Rights Act of 1964†). Voting Rights Act Voting Rights Act of 1965 is an important element of federal legislation that banned any form of discrimination during voter registration and voting. President Johnson signed the Act into law in response to various civil right movements. To improve voter protection, the Congress made five changes in the original proposal. In order to impose the voting rights assured by the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments, the Voting Rights Act of 1965 had criminalized discrimination against racial minorities. This Act is one of the most valuable elements of civil rights legislations in the country (â€Å"African-Americans Vote in South Carolina†). The Voting Rights Act allowed the federal government to oversee elections. Supporting the statement in the Fifteenth Amendment, the Voting Rights Act forbids all states or agents from enforcing any voting requirement, process, practice, or standards that may cause rejection or violation of voting rights based on minority status or race. Along with this general ban, the proposal explicitly bars literacy tests and other tools that were traditionally used to discriminate minorities during voting (Branch 91). The Voting Rights Act is made up of two main provisions- special provisions and general provisions. While General provisions address national issues, the special provisions address particular local government or states. These two provisions are intended to provide protection of voting rights based on language and racial minorities. The special provisions support persons who are American Indian, Asian American, Alaskan Natives or of Spanish heritage (Conroy 664). Section 5 of the Act addresses special provisions by prohibiting authoriti es from enforcing any law that may influence voting process without initially passing through the â€Å"preclearance† process. Preclearance process permits changes after confirmation from the judge panel or the Attorney General (Lawson 36). The changes in voting process are only allowed if they do not have any influence on race or language status. The Congress has made some changes in 2006, 1992, 1982, 1975, and 1970 on the Voting Rights Act. In all these changes (except 1992), the Congress improved the preclearance standards. For instance, the coverage formula was improved in 1970 and 1975. In addition, section 2 was updated in 1982 and bans any discriminative voting law (Conroy 664).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Civil Rights Act as a Milestone Element of American Legislation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These are laws that have a discriminatory effect or purpose, which was banned regardl ess of whether they were passed or sustained for a discriminatory purpose. Moreover, the latest amendment of 2006 has updated various protections that offered the Department of Justice the ability to approve any voting changes, monitoring during Election Day and allowing language assistance. Noteworthy, the voting Rights Act has allowed a free and equal voting process. The voting rights have been protected because the Act provides the minority groups with various privileges to vote during all elections. African-Americans Vote in South Carolina. Prime News., BBC, New York, 23 Mar. 1965. Television. Lyndon Johnson Signs Civil Rights Act of 1964. Prime News., BBC., New York, 27 Mar. 1964. Television. Bowron, Aaron. Celebrating the Progress of Michigan’s Civil Rights Laws. Michigan Bar Journal 2.3 (2012): 20-21. Print. Branch, Taylor. Pillar of Fire: America in the King Years 1963–65, New York: Simon Schuster, 2008. Print. Conroy, Terrye. The Voting Rights Act of 1965: A Selected Annotated Bibliography. Law Library Journal 98.4 (2006): 663-690. Print.Advertising Looking for research paper on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Lawson, Steven F. Black Ballots: Voting Rights in the South, 1944–1969. New York: Columbis University Press, 2006. Print

Did Globalization lead to the current Economic Crisis Essay

Did Globalization lead to the current Economic Crisis - Essay Example Although many economists were predicting the crash, their predictions did not ignite any concern until it had happened. The recession has led to many assertions and analyses on the causes and events leading up to it. There has been a reevaluation of economic and financial models to ascertain the weaknesses in the system that were over looked. Similar to the stock bubble and dollar bubble, the financial bubble burst and took the global economy with it. The events that caused this financial bubble need to be analyzed. Many experts are of the view that globalization of financial and labor markets have led to the crash, while many argue that the lack of savings and investment in the real sector caught up with the financial market. This report will analyze all these views and aims to determine the effects of globalization on macroeconomic variables. The causes of the great recession The most common perception about the recession is that the financial crisis is responsible for it. Irrespon sible banking, lack of regulation, displaced optimism and a high debt burden led to the collapse of the US financial markets resulting in ripples all over the world due to the US being the biggest economy in the world. However, these perceptions form a part of the picture but are not the underlying cause of the recession. Many economists including Alan Greenspan did not anticipate this meltdown and the fall in real estate prices was considered a minor bump in the road. Economists were focused on the integration of the financial market and the innovativeness and complexity of new financial instruments. They were excited with the increased investment and spending and the only issue of concern was the rising current account deficit. Households in the US were riding a consumption boom based entirely on credit; household spending was based entirely on credit cards. Due to the housing boom and rising asset prices, Americans felt rich, they consumed more Chinese imports and bought more hou ses on mortgage. Interest rates were low and banks had excess liquidity to lend to subprime borrowers through collateral debt obligations. For policy makers and analysts the recession was a shock; however an analysis of various factors leads to the conclusion that the recession was imminent. According to Bezemer (2009), the ignorance about the recession stems from the use of equilibrium models in macroeconomic policy making and forecasting. He advocates the use of accounting models to explain macroeconomic flows. The use of the flow of funds model, that takes into account debt, which equilibrium models ignore, is necessary to identify the effects of rising asset prices. The recession, according to him and many other experts, is the result of rising asset prices and thus greater investment in financial assets than in the real sector. The illusion of wealth that was created by the rising financial asset prices, that include real estate and insurance as well, caused the private sector to borrow more against their assets. This resulted in consumption driven by increased asset prices rather than wages and incomes. This is proven by the fact that the share of wages and salaries as a percentage of GDP dropped from 49% to 46% from the year 2001 to 2007. The resulting increase in debt and its effect was not perceived by prominent economists. The growth in debt relative to growth in GDP was unsustainable and thus resulted in the bursting of the financial bubble. According to the flow of funds view, any surplus of wealth that households own will be

Concert Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 8

Concert Report - Essay Example In readiness for the concert, I enjoyed a special dinner prepared for the audience. More specifically, LA Phil staffer introduced us to the evening classical concert amidst cheers from the audience. It was such a refreshing and joyous feeling to be part of this audience. The pianist and concert conductor, Christian Zacharias opened the Los Angeles Philharmonic Classical Music concert with a fascinating performance that left the audience in party mood and in happy feelings. The conductor manifested his creativity and perfection in playing neo-classical Danses concertantes to the enjoyment of the audience that kept their clapping and cheers for the longer part of his performance. The rhythm and the matching beats were resoundingly entertaining and seemingly derived the destined message in a light yet refreshing tone. The Concertmaster who played the Bach violin with immense energy and fun derived a sweet feeling as the audience enjoyed every tone, beat, and the rhythmic movement of his body. Indeed, Martin Chalifour left the audience craving for more of artistic expertise despite playing numerous sets of refreshing music. At some point, the band sought to remember the depressing feelings that Robert Schumann felt during their performance. This led to a sad feeling as the audience identified with the band’s expression of Schumann’s sad encounters. Nevertheless, Christian Zacharias led the band in clear beats, swift body movement, and rhythmic music flow to the amazement of the audience, which exhibited deep feelings towards the message communicated by the performers. Furthermore, the Walt Disney Concert Hall offered a resounding bass response, which completed a sweet tonal variation with the joyous violin. As such, I was able to identify and enjoy every tone, beat, and rhythms from the performers. However, at some point, the resounding bass response led to a booming sound, which disturbed my hearing thus creating a disturbing feeling. At the same time,

Economic Growth And Development Of Nigeria Economics Essay

Economic Growth And Development Of Nigeria Economics Essay Agriculture is an important sector in the developing world. It contributes to economic growth and development as well as a major employer to majority of the people of Sub-Saharan Africa including Nigeria, especially those in the rural areas. This study investigated the role of agriculture to Nigerias economic growth and development. Secondary data were used for the analyses and were obtained from various publications of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). Variables used for the estimations included overall gross domestic product (GDP) of Nigeria, agricultural GDP, government spending on agriculture, credit to agriculture and the population engaged in agriculture. The data cover the period between 1981 and 2010. Growth and Cobb-Douglas production models were estimated. The results showed that overall GDP, agricultural GDP, and government spending to the agricultural sector of Nigeria generally assumed upward trends during the period. Credit t o agriculture and government spending to the agricultural sector were the factors found to significantly influence the contribution of agriculture to national economic growth and development. It is concluded that agriculture continues to play important role in the economic growth and development of Nigeria. It is recommended that policies should be formulated to encourage the flow of more credit to the agricultural sector of Nigeria. Besides, it is important that the government of Nigeria to increase its spending on the agricultural sector since this positively and significantly influence the contribution of agriculture to national economic growth and development. 1.1 Background to the Study Nigeria is one of the largest countries in Africa, with an estimated population of about 158 million (World Bank, 2010). The country has highly diversified agro-ecological conditions, which makes it possible for the production of variety of agricultural products. Furthermore, agriculture constitutes one of the most significant sectors of the economy (Manyong, et. al., 2005). Agriculture in Nigeria employs about 70% of the working population and contributes with about 60% to the national income (Oluwasanmi, 1966). Its contribution to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) accounted for about 40% in 2010 (CBN, 2011). During the early days of independence, Nigeria was and still is relatively self-sufficient in food production, and foreign exchange earnings from agricultural exports have been used over the years to support in financing imports needed for economic growth and development (Anderson, 1970). The role of Agricultural production in Nigeria is not only to provide the food needed to feed the rapidly growing Nigerian population, but also to provide the money and materials needed for industrialization and for bringing the country into the industrial and technical age (Oyenuga, 1967). In order to carry out this role, the agricultural system needs to be reorganized and new techniques of production have to be introduced, such as the use of more efficient implements, improved seed varieties and fertilizers. To do this, the country not only needs to co-ordinate its agricultural research projects and provides capital but also to make available trained field staff who can ensure the acceptance of these innovations by peasant farmers (Oluwasanmi, 1966). This is because majority of the peasant farmers live in rural areas where there is a high level of illiteracy and they hardly accept change. Despite the fact that Nigeria is buoyantly endowed with agricultural and other natural resources, the agricultural sector is still growing at a very slow rate. It is only a little over half of the countrys agricultural land is under cultivation (Manyong et al, 2005). Increased use of mechanization will help, but this is not going to be easy given that about 63% of the farms in Eastern Nigeria and 45% of them in Western Nigeria are less than an acre in size and many of them are much smaller (Oyenuga, 1967). The agricultural sector remained weak during the oil boom decade of the 1970s, and this accounted largely for the declining share of its contributions to economic growth and development of the country. The trend of the share of agriculture in national GDP reflects a substantial variation and long-term decline from about 60% in the early 1960s through to about 49% in the 1970s and only about 22% in the 1980s. It is believed that unstable and often-poor economic policies (of pricing, trade and exchange rate), the relative abundance of the sector and the negative impact of oil boom were all important factors responsible for the decline in agricultural sectors contributions to national economic growth and development. Since the oil boom of the 1970s, there has been a severe increase in the incidence and drama of poverty in the country as a result of the unstable performance of the agricultural sector, which employs majority of the poor. As a result of the dwindling performance of agriculture in the country, government have over many years formulated and implemented various policies and projects aimed at putting back the agricultural sector to its vital place in the economy. But with evidence from empirical literatures, no significant success has been achieved due to several problems confronting the performance of the sector (Yusuf, 2005). However, the contribution of agriculture in both gross domestic product (GDP) and non-oil GDP increased in the 1981-2000 periods. The share of total bank credit going into the agricultural sector increased rapidly between the 1981-1985 and 1991-1995 periods and then declined in the 1996-2000 periods. The share of the federal Governments capital expenditure going to the agricultural sector declined immensely over the periods. The share of total employment by the agricultural sector also declined. Generally, there was unstable growth performance of the agricultural sector between the periods 1981 to 2000, with some evidence of inconsistencies of trends, probably due to uncertainties in policies and policy implementation. Some of the problems leading to poor performance of the agricultural sector in the country include technical issues, resource constraints as well as socio-economic problems and organisational constrains. It has been observed that in past policies of the pre-structural adjustment period, sector-specific agricultural policies were made to improve agricultural marketing, to cut down production cost, and to enhance product prices as incentives for increased agricultural production. Important policy instruments are for agricultural commodity marketing and pricing, input supply and distribution, input price, Subsidy, land resource use, agricultural research, agricultural extension and technology transfer, agricultural mechanisation, agricultural cooperatives, agricultural water resource and irrigation development. Macro policies, institutional policies and legal frameworks complemented sector-specific policies. The structural adjustment period was enhanced more by structural adjustment pol icies. Problems to agricultural policy strength include policy instability, policy inconsistencies, weak policy formulation, poor policy implementation, and harsh institutional framework for policy coordination (Idachaba, 2005). With reference from the dual economy model, early writers predicted economic development as a growth process that needs the re-allocation of factors of production from a weak, low-productivity agricultural sector to a modern and commercialized industrial sector with higher productivity and more returns (Lewis, 1954). As a primary sector, agriculture was seen to contribute significantly to economic growth and development by providing labor and food to the industrialization process. However, this idea was taken away by the era of the Green Revolution in Asia during the late 1960s and early 1970s. The possibility of restructuring traditional agriculture into a modern sector shows agricultures capability as a growth sector and its effective role in emphasizing broader d evelopment (Adelman, 2001). Although the advantage of connectivity between agriculture and non-agriculture in achieving the growth and development process had long been recognized (Hirschman, 1958, Johnston Mellor, 1961), post-Green Revolution economists stressed the role of agriculture in rural growth and development (Haggblade, Hammer, Hazell, 1991; Haggblade, Hazell, Brown, 1989; Hazell Haggblade, 1991; Hazell Roell, 1983). The vital advantage of agricultural growth on rural development was found to be effective in countries (e.g. Nigeria and other developing countries) where small farms dominated agriculture (Rosegrant Hazell, 2000). Therefore, given massive rural poverty and small-scale farming in Africa, the conventional wisdom of agriculture emphasizes a strong role for agriculture in African growth and development. With reference to the conventional wisdom of agriculture, it is important that policy objectives to promote the role of agriculture in economic growth and development in Nigeria should be realistic and capable of transforming a backward agriculture, and at the same time would also encourage industrial growth and development. The experience of other developing countries has shown that policies that promote industrial development at the expense of agriculture have resulted in food shortages and economic stagnation. Given Nigerias present stage of development, a large-scale industrialization scheme that will tend to shut out 70% of the population who are engaged in rural pursuits is not the best for the long-term interests of the country (Adeyokunnu, 1971). This is contrary to the idea behind early development strategies advocated by Rosenstein Rodan, Nurkse, and Hirshman among others, who emphasized industrial development as the main source of economic growth and development and were biased against the agricultural sector (Schiff and Valdes, 1998). This work is principally concerned with showing empirically the role of agriculture to economic and development of Nigeria. It draws on the long standing empirical studies on the role of agricultural sector to economic growth and development across the world. Widespread rural poverty in Africa and the success of Asias Green Revolution suggests that agriculture is a key sector for African development. Since almost all rural households depend directly or indirectly on agriculture, and given the sectors large contribution to the overall economy, it might seem obvious that agriculture should be a key sector in economic growth and development. Most African countries have failed to meet the requirements for a successful agricultural revolution, and productivity in African agriculture lags far behind the rest of the world. This has recently led to renewed debate within the international development community concerning the role of agriculture in African economic growth and development. This study will therefore contribute to the debate. 1.2 The Problem Statement Decline on the role of the agricultural sector in terms of its contribution to Nigerias economic growth and development in the last three decades made the government to establish different agricultural schemes and programmes to enhance agricultural productivity in the country, which includes River Basin Development Authorities, National Accelerated Food Production Project, Agricultural Development Project, Operation Feed the Nation, Green Revolution, National Directorate of Food, Roads and Rural Infrastructure, Agricultural Credit Guarantee Scheme Fund, National Special Programme for Food Security, Root and Tuber Expansion Project as well as National Fadama I and II programmes. This shows that aagriculture has been an important sector in the Nigerian economy for many years, and is still a major sector even with the oil boom. Basically it generates employment opportunities for the growing population, reduces poverty and contributes to the growth and development of the economy. Economic history provides sufficient evidence that agricultural revolution is important and a pre-condition for economic growth and development, especially in developing countries like Nigeria (Woolf and Jones, 1969; Oluwasanmi, 1966; Eicher and Witt, 1964). The basis of the problem in the Nigerian economy is as a result of poor concentration of the agricultural sector by the Government towards focusing more on a mono-cultural economy based on oil. Agriculture was the mainstay of the Nigerian economy before the discovery, exploration and exportation of oil and over dependence on its revenue for economic expenditure. Agricultural export was contributing to GDP with about 72% between 1955 and 1969 before it fell down to 35% because of the oil crises of early 1970s (CBN, 2002). Nigeria used to be one of the world leading countries in the exportation and production of some major agricultural products between 1940 and 1950. There is evidence from statistics which shows that the export of agricultural products in Nigeria accounted for over 75% of total exports in 1960 (Ekpo and Egwaikhide, 1994). This has changed in recent times as economic growth and development of Nigeria in recent times solely depend on the earning from oil exports that account for over 95%, but contribute with less than 25% in the real gross domestic product (RDGP). This over dependence on oil has affected the countries market forces as well as its economic growt h and development (Okoh, 2004). Because crude oil is an exhaustible asset, it is not advisable for Nigeria to depend on it for sustainable economic growth and development. Therefore, the need to push into competitive market in advanced countries with our agricultural commodities has to be considered, in order to achieve a prosperous economic growth and development in Nigeria (Thirlwall, 1999). Considering the large size of the Nigerian agricultural sector and its important role in the economy, positive reform and adjustment policies are needed in order to improve the overall performance of the countrys economic growth and development (Kwanashie et al., 1998). Besides the oil sector, agricultural sector contributes significantly to the Nigerian economic growth and development because of its rich resource base. Nonetheless, these endowments have to be used wisely so as to diversify the economy and reduce over dependence on the oil sector and on importation. As a result of unstable oil price and continues increase in the price of import goods, the Nigerian economy is not consistent. All these issues have negative effects on the countrys balance of payment, employment and other sectors productivity as well as the purchasing power of the people (Bukar, et al., 1997). At present, impact of the Nigerian agricultural sector to economic growth and development of the country is not as it was in the past periods (NPC, 2000). Nigerian agriculture is still traditional as it was in the pre-independence period (Adewumi and Omotesho, 2002). Even with the existence of the two major rivers in the country (river Niger and river Benue) the agricultural sector is still predominantly rain fed (NPC, 2004). Productivity in the Agricultural sector has declined seriously over the years and this has led to high incidence of poverty levels (Jeter, 2004). Results from the World bank data indicate that over 70% of Nigerians are living below the poverty line (less than $1 per day), showing that there has been an astronomical growth in the level of poverty in the country most of which is associated to poor agriculture since from independence up till today (Chigbu, 2005). Those engaged in farming are mostly rural people, cultivating small area of land using traditional tool s and getting low productivity (NPC, 2004). The problem therefore is that there is limited understanding of the role of agriculture in economic growth and development of Nigeria in recent times. This study seeks to address this gap by empirically examining the role of agriculture to economic growth and development of Nigeria. 1.3 The Research Questions The questions that this study sought to answer are: What are the trends and growth of agricultural gross domestic product (AGDP) relative to the overall gross domestic product (GDP) of Nigeria? What have been the commitments of successive governments in Nigeria to the agricultural sector in terms of public spending in the sector? What have been the contributions of agriculture to the economic growth and development of Nigeria over the past three decades? 1.4 The Research Objectives The main objective of this study is to examine the role of agriculture to economic growth and development of Nigeria. Specifically, the study seeks to: Describe the trends and growth of agricultural gross domestic product (AGDP) in relation to overall GDP of Nigeria. Examine the trends and growth of spending of successive Nigerian governments on the agricultural sector. Estimate the contributions of agriculture to economic growth and development of Nigeria over the past three decades. 1.5 Justification of the Study Policy makers can make use of the outcome of this study in multi-dimensional form. This can be done in terms of interwoven nature of rural employment with agriculture, food security and agricultural productivity. This is because the findings will provide the basis that economic growth and development in Nigeria should be led by agriculture and that the success of plans and policies implemented in the other sectors are depended on agricultural developments for their successful implementation. The outcome of the study will also help policy makers to critically examine the various key possibilities of promoting economic growth and development in Nigeria with regards to the role of agriculture in economic growth and development. Some of these which are of relevant to policy may include issues of: How different alternative economic growth and development states can be achieved using agricultural sectors contribution with the view to decide which one is the best. How societal welfare can be improved from a lower stage to a better stage using agricultural sectors contribution to the economy. How to identify all areas in which the agricultural sector fails and to consider corrective measures. How to evaluate different policy options that have been used to improve agricultural sector as well as determine their implications and consequences on the economic growth and development of Nigeria. How to provide a framework in which different agricultural growth policies can be compared using value judgement and common sense. How to make a critique of different postulates about how agricultural development policies can be improved so that it can provide a menu for better policy measures. 1.6 Scope and Organisation of the Study The scope of this study is to look at the role of agriculture to economic growth and development of Nigeria spanning the last three decades (i.e. 30 years). The study is organised into five main chapters. Chapter one is the introduction which consists of the background to the study, the problem statement, the research questions, the research objectives, the justification of the research and the scope and organisation of the study. Chapter two is the literature review which consists of literature on Agricultural Production in Africa and Nigeria, Agricultural Production and Economic Growth and Development, Commitments of governments to Nigerian agriculture, Agriculture as a Source of Employment for Poverty Reduction, Finally, summary of the literature review and conclusions. Chapter three is the methodology employed in order to achieve the research objectives which consists of profile of Nigeria, the theoretical and model specifications, data types and sources of data. Chapter four is presentation of the results and discussions. Chapter five is the summary of the findings, conclusion and recommendations. After this are the references and appendix. CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Introduction This chapter presents an overview of the relevant empirical literature in the subject matter. The chapter is divided into five main subsections. The first subsection is presentation of Agricultural Production in Africa and Nigeria. The second subsection is presentation of Agricultural Production and Economic Growth and Development. Commitments of governments to Nigerian agriculture are presented in the third subsection. The fourth subsection brings to light literature on Agriculture as a Source of Employment for Poverty Reduction. Finally, summary of the literature review and conclusions drawn are presented in subsection five. 2.2 Agricultural Production in Africa and Nigeria There is a growing argument over whether agriculture is still playing important role in economic growth and development in sub-Saharan Africa. Agricultures theorists explain that, in most of the African countries, only the agricultural sector has sufficient scale and growth-linkages to significantly influence aggregate growth and development. Achieving such growth and development will have to do with a large sector like agriculture, which accounts for one-third of gross domestic product (GDP) for the subcontinent as a whole, and an even larger share for two-thirds of African countries. Economists also explain that agricultures poor performance leads to inadequate investment and policies that are historically biased against the agricultural sector (Fan, Zhang, Rao, 2004; Schiff Valdez, 1992; Timmer, 2005). They show the large benefits from investing in rural infrastructure and agricultural technology, and the growth and development potential from catching up to the productivity leve ls of other developing countries. During the period from 1990 to 2004, African industry, including mining and mineral-based manufacturing, grew at 1.9% per year compared to 2.5% for agriculture (World Bank, 2006). This is an indication of the importance of agriculture to economic growth and development across Africa. By contrast, there are others who doubt whether or not agriculture can successfully generate sufficient growth and development in Africa today. This doubt shows the poor performance of agriculture, weak institutions for rural growth and development, and worsening agro-ecological conditions in most of the African countries (Collier, 2002; Ellis, 2005; Maxwell Slater, 2003). The large size of the agricultural sector may be the reason for Africas failure to grow and develop, especially since past experience forecasts a significant decline in the importance of agriculture over time in successfully developing countries (Collier, 2002). For those who argue that agriculture should not be put at the center of African growth and development, although the sectors sufficient growth and development linkages proved very strong during Asias Green Revolution, it may not be so much in Africa because of a more integrated global environment (Hart, 1998). Border prices determine food prices more than domestic supply when imports can enter freely, which reduces the need to invest in domestic agriculture to maintain urban food prices and real wages and hence industrial competitiveness. Under these conditions, it is difficult for agriculture to play important role of economy-wide growth and development as well as facilitating the economic transformation shown by theory or witnessed in the past successes of other developing countries. Agricultures skeptics therefore tend to be more concerned of African industry, emphasizing that mining and manufacturing may bring viable alternative sources of growth and development. Despite contrasting opinions on the relative importance of agriculture in generating overall growth and development, there should presumably be less contention surrounding the role of agriculture in poverty reduction, which is one of the key issues for achieving economic growth and development. This is especially so given the importance of agricultural incomes for Africas poorest populations. However, even among agricultures advocates, there are conflicting views over what should be the focus of an agricultural growth and development strategy for low-income Africa (Dorward, et al., 2004). Some suggest that the best opportunities for African farmers lie in high-value commodities and, given poor domestic demand in Africa, that production should focus on export markets. Small-scale farms are seen as irrelevant due to international competition and the growing difficulties of supply-chains for both domestic and foreign markets (Reardon, Timmer, Barrett, Berdegue`, 2003). It is argued tha t rural dwellers should plan on diversifying incomes away from agriculture (Ashley Maxwell, 2001) and focus on going to urban areas (Ellis Harris, 2004). On the other hand, others argue that rural income diversification has been a reality in Africa for many years (Barrett Reardon, 2000; Reardon et al., 2003) and has yet to achieve significant income growth. Furthermore, income diversification is not a significant positive phenomenon, especially if diversification is due to stagnant agricultural growth and development (Haggblade, Hazell, Reardon, 2002) or if migration is as a result of growth in low-productivity urban activities (Lipton, 2004). The biggest market benefits for majority of African farmers comes from domestic and regional markets for staples/food crops (Diao Hazell, 2004; Rosegrant, Paisner, Meijer, Witcover, 2001). 2.3 Agricultural Production and Economic Growth and Development Provision of sufficient food for the growing population puts agriculture at the center of current growth and development issue in developing countries. This is because the level of population growth in most developing countries is far more than the level of agricultural production and growth. Malthusian theory of population growth is becoming true in these countries; hence, the need to grow and develop agriculture to meet the food requirement of the people is very important. Looking at the Malthusian theory, if food supply fail to meet demand then food prices will rise. This will also have effect on workers wages and subsequently affect industrial profits, investment and overall economic growth and development in the society (Uniamikogbo, 2007). On the supply of raw materials to the industrial sector, agriculture have been seen as the major requirement for industrial growth and development because of the sectors role in providing the necessary raw materials for industries (Child, 2008; Uniamikogbo, 2007 and Abayomi, 2006). As a result of this, the need for increasing agricultural productivity has to be considered. There is the need therefore to put more emphasis on increasing domestic output rather than focusing more on the expansion of export to finance growing food export. This means that, agriculture is the most influential sector in developing countries. It should then make a significant contribution to the overall investment requirements needed by the industrial sector such as lowering the amount of raw materials supplied from abroad by increasing the output produced locally. Agriculture has been the main stay of the Nigerian economy providing employment and source of livelihood for the teeming population. It contributes with over half of the GDP of the Nigerian economy during much of post-independence in the country. Nonetheless, the role it plays in the economic growth and development of the country has gone down over the years due to the overwhelming and dominant role of the crude oil sector in the economy, on which the country extensively depends. With the high food demand in Nigeria, the country has to make use of its abundant natural resources and to take advantage of its current democracy to increase the volume of crop production towards satisfying the food and nutritional requirement of the rapidly growing population and to ensure food security in the country (Enoma, 2010) . Therefore, agriculture can be characterized as the source of national wealth and economic growth and development in Nigeria. Agricultural Development economists have researched significantly on how agriculture can best contribute to overall economic growth and development. Looking at Lewis theory of development, Todaro and Smith (2003) indicated that the underdeveloped economy consists of two sectors, which are the ancient and traditional agricultural sector characterized by zero marginal labor productivity and the modern industrial sector. In his historical approach to the process of economic growth and development, Rostow (1960) distinguishes five stages of economic growth and development, which are: Traditional society; Pre-conditions for takeoff; Take-off; Drive to maturity; and Age of high mass-consumption. According to Rostow, the take-off stage is the most important figure in the life of a society when growth becomes its normal condition. The significance and importance of the traditional society make a decisive breakthrough and a multiple interest gets built into the society structure with agricult ure playing significant role at this stage. From this theory, it is evident that agriculture plays a significant role in the first three stages of economic growth and development (Traditional society, pre-conditions for takeoff and takeoff stages). The agricultural sector greatly influences industrial and economic backbone from which a countrys economic growth and development can take off. Therefore, beyond reasonable doubt, agricultural activities are usually concentrated and more practiced in the less-developed countries where there is an urgent need for rural transformation, redistribution, poverty alleviation and socio-economic growth and development (Stewart, 2000). Indeed, agriculture has a significant role in an economy, without it a country will surely depend on importation from other countries to feed its population. The essential contribution of agriculture to economic growth and development has been an on-going subject of debate among development economist, several theorist argue that growth of the whole economy relies on the development of agricultural sector (Schuttz, 1964, Gollin, Parente and Rogerson 2002). The growth and development of the agricultural sector could result to national output increase through its effect on rural incomes and provision of resources for transformation into an industrialized economy (Eicher and Staatz, 1984; Dowrick and Gemmmell, 1991; Datt and Ravallion, 1998; Thirtle, Lin and Piesse 2003). Johnston and Mellor (1961) reported that agriculture improves and contributes to overall economic growth and development through various inter-sectoral linkages. Which include, provision of surplus labor to the industri al sector; supply of food for domestic consumption; creation of market for industrial output; provision of domestic savings and industrial investment and generation of foreign exchange from agriculture export earnings to finance import of intermediate and capital goods respectively. However, In addition to the above-mentioned direct market-based linkages, Timmer (1995) found out that agriculture indirectly contributes to economic growth and development through its caloric nutrient intake provision to the poor, food availability; stable food prices and poverty reduction. Going by all the debated arguments, it is clear that agricultural growth and development has played a historically important role in the process of economic growth and development. However, acts from developed countries as well as developing countries indicate that agricultural sector has been the engine that contributes to the overall growth and development of a countrys economy. Agriculture therefore plays an important role in achieving economic growth and development. 2.4 Commitments of Governments to the Agricultural Se

Dali :: essays research papers

The life of Salvador Dali was one of much eccentricity, but he was also one of the most influential painters of the twentieth century. The story of his life is an extremely interesting one, and greatly inspired his artwork. Dali’s childhood and his growing up process had a lot to do with the man he would become later in life. He had a brother who was born before him, who had the same name. He died of meningitis before the Salvador Dali we know was born. This had an obvious psychological effect on our Dali. It caused him to be very ambitious as he felt he needed to prove himself to his family. His deceased brother was very special to his entire family, and Dali always felt inferior to this â€Å"image.† Being the center of attention was always important to Dali. One year, when Haley’s comet was going through the air and his entire family was watching the sky, he kicked his sister because no one was paying any attention to him. Dali’s family was compromised of an increasing number of women, and his entire life he portrayed feminine attributes. The death of his mother at age seventeen traumatized him immensely. And to add to the shock, his father then married his mother’s sister. Before this, Dali painted gorgeous landscapes and portraits, but now he begins to paint his â€Å"tormented soul.† In 1921, Dali began to attend the University Residence of Madrid. There, he met friends like Federico Garcia Lorca (a famous poet). Lorca was gay and fell in love with Dali, who was immature sexually at this point in his life and scared of gay relations, but the two remained close for many years afterwards. One year after he started at the University, he got suspended a year. He was eventually expelled two years later for his problems with authority. He claimed that he was more qualified than the teachers and administration who examined him. Dali was still painting at this point, and became very much interested in Freud’s theory of the unconscious (ego, superego, id) and dream interpretation, where he believed dreams were ways to allow our unconscious to express itself in disguise. Dali met Freud in 1938 and Freud was not very impressed with Dali. Rejection set in, and he started to move away from Freudian theories. One of Dali’s friends, Paul Eluard, had a wife by the name of Gala, who Dali was enamored with.

Thank You for Smoking

Ethical issues brought up in the movie, â€Å" Thank You for Smoking† : When Nick Naylor appears on the talk show along side with the cancer patient and he basically turns the situation around so that the tabocco industry isn’t to blame for the young boy being diagonosed with cancer from smoking, and in fact by people dying from using their product the industry wouldn’t be making any profit. The â€Å"mod squad†, which stands for merchants of death, in the movie, all the people who are a part of this group are well aware that the products that they sell and promote are generally appealing to the younger generation that contributes to hundreds and thousands of deaths a year, yet they continue to defend them. In one scene Naylor is helping his son do homework, he teaches his son about how to argue something he is writing about. Naylor says ,† that’s the beauty of arguement, because if you argue correctly you’re never wrong†. This is teaching his son that no matter what he side he decides to be on, if he keeps on argueing and finds some usable facts to support his arguement he will always be right. Naylor doesn’t address the issues head on necessarily, in fact the way he approaches how to argue that tobacco is poison and that you shouldn’t smoke it etc, is he simply just goes with his theory of every individuals has the right to choose what they what to do, or listen too. When a member of the mod squad is visiting Nick in the hospital after he nearly died of a nicotine over dose, he places a gun on the table right in front of Joey, Nick’s son. Immediatly Joey is intrigued with the weapon, then retracts his actions and says, â€Å" gunsshould be treated with respect†. The other member swats his hand away, and is clearly annoyed by his behaviour which then makes me think of them as hypocrits. The captain sends a briefcase full of money to Naylor’s hotel when he is in California and tell’s him that he must visit â€Å"Marlboro Man†, Lorne Lutchwho has been diagnosed with Cancer. Naylor is to try and bribe Lutch into accepting the money in exchange for silence, and to retract all his previous comments towards the tobacco industry. In this scene Naylor is very good at convincing the Marlboro Man into taking the money, simply because he uses his best tactics of negotiation to lure him into thinking that by taking the money he might feel better about himself in the sense that now he has money to perhaps be able to pay medical bills to help him prolong his life. Give him the right reatment and he might just fight the cancer. Social Responsibility in Thank You for Smoking I think that the part when Senator Finistirre is doing his speech about putting the poison logo on every cigarette package is an example of social responsibility. Because as the Senator of Vermont, he is standing up against the tobacco industry and educating the younger generation as well as the older, of how harmful it is. Society as a whole will eventually embrace this campaign and learn how to educate others of tobacco use. In 1952, Readers digest slammed the tobacco industry by stating that it had some health risks associated with smoking. This then lead to the invention of â€Å"filters† in cigarette’s and thus resulted in more people buying the product. This is an example of social responsibility because when there were public outcry’s of how unhealthy it was smoking the cigarette’s (back in the 50’s) the tobacco industry improvised and came out with a solution to diminish the amount of chemicals being inhaled. Speaking to the press, Naylor swears he will clear the names of those mentioned in the Heather Holloway’s recent article, where she bashes Naylor as well as the Mod squad. (? ) Ethics and Social Responsibility – Tana In the movie Thank You for Smoking, there are quite a few examples where you will find how ethics and social responsibility is exercised, and not always in a positive way. The main character Nick Naylor, is a lobbyist who works for a Tobacco Company. Naylor is a smooth talker who slyly turns the words around in a conversation and turns it on the people who are against him. Thank You for Smoking Ethical issues brought up in the movie, â€Å" Thank You for Smoking† : When Nick Naylor appears on the talk show along side with the cancer patient and he basically turns the situation around so that the tabocco industry isn’t to blame for the young boy being diagonosed with cancer from smoking, and in fact by people dying from using their product the industry wouldn’t be making any profit. The â€Å"mod squad†, which stands for merchants of death, in the movie, all the people who are a part of this group are well aware that the products that they sell and promote are generally appealing to the younger generation that contributes to hundreds and thousands of deaths a year, yet they continue to defend them. In one scene Naylor is helping his son do homework, he teaches his son about how to argue something he is writing about. Naylor says ,† that’s the beauty of arguement, because if you argue correctly you’re never wrong†. This is teaching his son that no matter what he side he decides to be on, if he keeps on argueing and finds some usable facts to support his arguement he will always be right. Naylor doesn’t address the issues head on necessarily, in fact the way he approaches how to argue that tobacco is poison and that you shouldn’t smoke it etc, is he simply just goes with his theory of every individuals has the right to choose what they what to do, or listen too. When a member of the mod squad is visiting Nick in the hospital after he nearly died of a nicotine over dose, he places a gun on the table right in front of Joey, Nick’s son. Immediatly Joey is intrigued with the weapon, then retracts his actions and says, â€Å" gunsshould be treated with respect†. The other member swats his hand away, and is clearly annoyed by his behaviour which then makes me think of them as hypocrits. The captain sends a briefcase full of money to Naylor’s hotel when he is in California and tell’s him that he must visit â€Å"Marlboro Man†, Lorne Lutchwho has been diagnosed with Cancer. Naylor is to try and bribe Lutch into accepting the money in exchange for silence, and to retract all his previous comments towards the tobacco industry. In this scene Naylor is very good at convincing the Marlboro Man into taking the money, simply because he uses his best tactics of negotiation to lure him into thinking that by taking the money he might feel better about himself in the sense that now he has money to perhaps be able to pay medical bills to help him prolong his life. Give him the right reatment and he might just fight the cancer. Social Responsibility in Thank You for Smoking I think that the part when Senator Finistirre is doing his speech about putting the poison logo on every cigarette package is an example of social responsibility. Because as the Senator of Vermont, he is standing up against the tobacco industry and educating the younger generation as well as the older, of how harmful it is. Society as a whole will eventually embrace this campaign and learn how to educate others of tobacco use. In 1952, Readers digest slammed the tobacco industry by stating that it had some health risks associated with smoking. This then lead to the invention of â€Å"filters† in cigarette’s and thus resulted in more people buying the product. This is an example of social responsibility because when there were public outcry’s of how unhealthy it was smoking the cigarette’s (back in the 50’s) the tobacco industry improvised and came out with a solution to diminish the amount of chemicals being inhaled. Speaking to the press, Naylor swears he will clear the names of those mentioned in the Heather Holloway’s recent article, where she bashes Naylor as well as the Mod squad. (? ) Ethics and Social Responsibility – Tana In the movie Thank You for Smoking, there are quite a few examples where you will find how ethics and social responsibility is exercised, and not always in a positive way. The main character Nick Naylor, is a lobbyist who works for a Tobacco Company. Naylor is a smooth talker who slyly turns the words around in a conversation and turns it on the people who are against him.